Automatic refueling boiler device



De 22, 1953 w. F. KRAuTTr-:R Er A1. 2,663,363

AUTOMATIC REFUELING BOILER DEVICE Filed Feb. 13, 1952 Patented Dec. 22, 1953 AUTOMATIC REFUELING BOILER DEVICE Willy F. Krautter, Lynbrook, N. Y.,.Wunibald I. E. Kamm, Dayton, Ohio,l and Kurt Staiger, Indianapolis, Ind.; said Krautter assigner to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Air Force Application February 13, 1952. Serial No. 271,414

claims. (ci. 15s-31)' (Granted under Title 35, U. S.

sec. 266) The invention described herein `may be manu- Y factured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes without payment to me of any royalty thereon.

Thisinvention relates to the automatic control of pulse jet heaters, and of the type set forth. in our cop'ending 'applications S. N. 144,566, filed Februarylt. 1950, and S. N. 129,861, now Patent No. 2,643,107, issued June 23, 1953, and in parizingboiler therefor.

An object of this invention is to provide a bauer' capable of supplying a desired vapor pressure charge to a pulse jet heater. y

Another object of this invention is to provide an automatic means of relling a boiler from a reservoir when the fuel in said boiler is suddenly expended to start the pulse jet heater.

In our copending applications vS. N. 144,566 and S. N. `129,861 a starter device is used to heat a spot on a pulse jet heater as Well as feed fuel to the combustion chamber for starting the pulse jet heater. The starter device comprisesa combustion chamber and iiue portion for forming a hot spot on the pulse jet heater, and a boiler for feeding vaporized fuel under pressure to an aspirator which in turn produces a change under pressure of fuel and air for entrance through a valve, which opens when a predetermined pressure .is reached, whereupon said fuel' will enter into the combustion chamber of the pulse jet heater. When this charge comesin contact with the hot spot, combustion of the charge takes place which starts the operation of the pulse jet'heater, whereupon the valve shuts olf the feeding of fuel from the aspirator and boiler. In order to rell the boiler in preparation for subsequent operation of the starter, fuel must be inserted-by hand. The subject invention eliminates the necessity of recharging the boiler by hand and substitutes an automatic pumping means therefor.

It is therefore an object of this invention to provide .an automatic means for rechargingv the starting devicey in Apreparation for subsequent startingof the starter device and pulse jet heater.

A still further object of this invention is to provide apump `between the reservoir and boiler which will automatically respond tothe vapor pressure fluctuation lin said boiler and accordingly'feed fuel` to the boiler when the fuel is suddenly expended and the pressure drops below a predetermined amount.

Another "further object of this invention is to prdvide'a pump comprising an expansible motor chamber andan lexpansible pump chamber con# ticular to the automatic operation of a fuel vapor- 110 "Code (1952),

nected to Ia single pressure responsive surface, th motor chamber communicating with a boiler so as to contain the same vapor pressure as the boiler, the pump chamber communicating with a supply reservoir and boiler through inlet. and outlet check valves respectively, so that upon a drop in vapor pressure in the boiler due to the fuel being charged into the pulse jet beaten-the pressure in said motor chamber will correspondingly drop and operate said pressure responsive surface to compress said pump chamber and force a charge of fluid into said boiler for subsequent starting of the starter device and pulse jet heater,

and upon subsequent starting, the vapor pressure y in the boiler will increase so that the pressure responsive surface in the pump will be operated to extend the pump -chamber and decrease the pressure therein less'than the pressure in thev reservoir whereupon fluid will enter theV expansible pump chamber from the fuel supply reser- Voir.

These and other objects will become more apparent from the accompanying specification and drawings wherein similar parts have likev numbers and where: I Figure 1 shows the preferred embodimentV of the invention of a burner and a boiler with a vapor pressure area and combustion chamber thereinv connected to a pump which in turn is connected to a reservoir; p

Figure 2 shows another type of pump which may be used in place of the pump in Figure 1.

Referring to Figure 1, fuel boiler 2 has a vapor pressure chamber 4 therein surrounding a combustion chamber yl'i having a ilue portion l5. The boiler 2 -contains an outlet 3 through which fuel from the boiler may enter into a pulse jet heater (not shown) when the pressure in said boiler reaches a predetermined value. A wick 5 for starting the boiler is located in the boiler 2. The lower portion of the boiler 2 is provided Iwith longitudinal slots 1 for entrance of air into the combustion chamber 6, and a valve operated vfuel burner nozzle 8- for permitting regulatory fluid flow into the combustion chamber 6 to mix with the air therein. The fuel burner nozzle is pro-I the spring I3. The conduit IS mounted in said boiler surrounds the combustion chamber 6 and extends through said combustion chamber at I8 into the operiing--` 1 3: thefiuel burner. ;A.pump is connected-stothefboiler 2 byfua 'coupling 22. Said pump 20 comprises a housing 24 having a head thereon, said head having an inletgqi` port 2B and outlet port 28 therein 'Saidinletg. and outlet` ports contain ballr chcl:" valvesy and 32. In the bottom of saidthousing24 there@ is mountedfa spring 34 carryingsa singlepressure responsive surface 36 thereon@ Agbellow-s 85 openly connected to the head 25"of Vsaidf-housi r ig jj and connected at the bottom to said single pressure responsive surface 33 therebyforming' a pumping chamber 40, Another bellows. .42 bist openly connected at one end .between the housing 24 and head 25, and is connes;texel-.Tat` itscbotbomfi portion to the said single pressure responsive sur- 1 t face 3B thereby forming a motor chamber 44. 20 Anfgrce. .4l iuethesheadf?5mi-:Suid musing-a? commet-SitheV motor numberltof-thggbviler through, coupling 22; The pump-ihamber.40;is conneetedfto'the.reservoir46through'@Curling-45.#

Inhneratiouiitogsturt.the device-a AWiuk; seelisch withgfuel inithefboitom f thacombustion chamber@ is isuitedtthroushz thefppeninss f1 by .a match l`or.th e like'. The .heatgenerated tends to.;

This. .pressure IBfsnthe-needle vulve.v l in g,- .withinf.the expansiblenchamber pressure responsive surface .I I tending thenQzzle-g to. ,t he ..,combustion, ,chamber...

uel thereto-e The-.heat een-.35 n. ,the:-flu e. .,.portion I5 ..of. ,combustion chambers? forms a 4.hot...spot. on...th. .pu1s e.iet heater. Whenthe .pressurel in .the boiler., reaches a .prcdetermiuedaamount;.-suuent. to open valveA to vthe aspiratQl:.(notshownlrfa charge Aof v the fuel vapor in the boiler 2 escapes through the. .outlet-.f3 inte-.the aspirator. thence. .into th Comb,ustifur1...churriber. of. the puls, iet, hea-ter. When .marcharse contacts the hot spot. it .willig immediately ignite and start the pulsel'et heater Shuttiug.01-the valves .t0 ..th'e Starter- .devicey The .prssurein the. boiler.; 'haviuauropped a Considerablemomt. due,...t0 th'e. vapuried iuel beinacxpendeu-tolth. pulseiet heatelgtb op@ ing in nozzle 8 vvill be'closecLby th'e met eri rjgp1n`' 9 beine forced into gloss@ ,positiubvh' spring" The.;.prssulein thLbOilger Chamber .4 will be'acuompauied' "bi/rfa *drqp presS- uregin:the: exuuusiblefmotur'chamber4440# cause of tj. he c riiice'41;1".S The jspring 34 uv'vi'll "over-fcomejthepressure infmotor chamber fand move m. .pressure responsive surface Y'upvi/arclly" comu pressing 1(the: expansible pumpingandj forcing fuel ythigou glrthe chgeclrfvalve `:SIF-into the :boilei'ffi 4 foitheinextstime to startthe-pulsf-iet'heater. 1 Wl`1"e r i th`e burnerj is startedy-againat/ei *subsquentamandine-fuel in boiler'ennmber'-Iy gine.` to vaporize,l 'the'pressure vvillf increase 1in {the-"w boilerc chamber 4V`aswell1as inethe expansiblef motorv chamber 44-'fvvhich willfcausesthvchame be'rs144'2'and' 4%) to'f-expandwhereuponL the presa-A su'reii thepump chamber JIU/Will ffdecrease 'to an extentoto permit theball check :valve J3 27'; to'fopenu andallownuidftoeflo'w intothe-f-pum-pwehambe'r u 40:V fromv Ythe reservoir ilor f fuel' -tankf 46@ Referringto Figure 2 whichidisclosesanotherV modification ofthe pumpjshowninFigurel wherein a push .rod v extends ihoughgthehead in said boiler and connectedtosaidvalvemeans"- to open-"and losesaid` valvemeans; -sa 4`sourc'ebef 25 of said housing 24 down adjacent to the piston 36. A button 52 is mounted on top of the push rod 50 which is sealed against outside elementsbyfbellows 5,4. The'fgplilig 'isgmoiinted in theitop portiomofsthe housing4 24. sByarepeated- 1y pushing and releasing the button 52 and push rod-f 5, the piston 36 will move back and forth sogthatgthegpunip .chamber will deliver fuel to the boiler-"aslong'as-spring i34 is able to overcorn @pressure en fball check valve 30 and on piston SGgaInStead of being located at the top of.thefhoi-zsi-n'g 4vthe.push rod may be arranged inlthevbottomefrgtheghousing of the pump. In this-easelsealingstheepassage opening around the rush.bodauushuusingfis not necessary.

It is apparentv the specific embodiments shown above-.havebeen given by way of illustration and noti-byyvayeofclirnitation and that the structures abgye described vare subject to wide variation and modication without departing from the scope 0r intent. @f the inventipnalmf which varietonsyaudmouiuutiuus aratube'jco ered as; equivalents. and.. be included :wthnithei scope of thepresentnvention.

Whereby ,1 claim:

1. An 'intermittent vburner device'ofther charactengdescribed comprisingja fuelboiler, 'a com-jY bustion chamber having a flue portion'jextends ing through"said` .boiler ink heat exchange; 'rela-1 tion f th'erew it-h;` a burnerin-"sai d` combustion f chamber; valvermeans for vcont-rolling;'fuel flowl v through said burner, a conduit-@connecting the"A fuel supplykf a pumpfcomprising# an*-1'ex-pansibleA pump i-chamber2L 'having inlet andn outlet fvalvs* and connectedtolsaidlA f uel `fsource #and to Lsaid boilenfrespectvely;l -an feXpansiblefmotowchamber operativelyr-connectedi2 tessa-id f-pump chamber;Mv

sai-d'imotor.. chamberLi-ncludi-rigsrmeansiioriactu'at@ f toisaidburnerivalven meansactuatesisaid/burners:-

valve --tocutyroi 'fuel-:iSupply toi-saidzburneriaud 1 said 'fipa-mp recharges:saidA fboilenswithflfuel :pr pagatori-fior a subsequent fneedsfor.operationioh thefhurrierf.desinee@ 2. 'Arr. Intermittentistarten` dei/rice;f:comprisingf-li` a combustionvehamber;andjfluemountedf'within a boi-ler; said., boilenfhavingfinlet-,andoutletporta a 'iuelburn 4rafnog zlecfov ziinieetingrzrfuel -fintfthe eonvduityconnecting;said zlerifortransmittingrva-f.. por fuel under; fessure-:t0-xsaidf-iuel-fnozzleffrom.,s Said boiler f Saidexexpansible; ,2chamben'a-having-f-a `:pressure:rel-ff..I.

spcnsiveiiendisurfaceiforlactuatingsaid fmeteifin'g pin;r.saidexpansiblefchamber t:beingl extended* by f the1-vaporz pressurethe'reinjsfa spring'v on-collaps -f'Y-t ingr saidexpansible chamber lv vhe'io.'-the-vapor fuelf undeit-pressuref- Ain the `iboiler and-fexpansible "5 aeeees pansible motor chamber connected to the boiler through an open passageway so that the motor chamber and boiler are under the same vapor pressure, an expansible pump chamber connected to the boiler and a fuel supply reservoir by ypassageways containing check valves therein,

said expansible chambers being closed at one end by a--common movable pressure responsive surface and openly connected to said passageways and housing at the other end, and a spring means biasing said common movable pressure responsive surface in the lower portion of said housing adapted to movesaid common surface in an upwardly direction, so that upon the vapor fuel under pressure in said boiler being suddenly expended the drop in pressure will permit the metering pin to close the fuel burner jet, and said expansible motor chamber will be compressed by said spring means and force the fuel from said expansible pump chamber into said boiler for subsequentoperation of the starter de-,

vice, and upon subsequent starting the expansible pump lchamber will extend `and refill with fuel from said reservoir.

3. For use with a pulse jet heater, in combination, a fuel vaporizing boiler for supplying vaporized fuel to the pulse jet heater, a pump responsive to pressure fiuctuations in said boiler for automatically recharging said boiler with fuel and communicatively connected thereto by an open passageway, a supply reservoir communicatively connected to said pump for supplying fiuid thereto, said pump comprising flexible bellows forming an expansible pump chamber located within another flexible bellows forming an expansible motor chamber, both of said bellows being closed at one end by a single pressure responsive surface which is biased by a resilient means, an outlet check valve in said open passageway for regulating uid iiow between said pump chamber and boiler, an orifice between said open passageway and motor chamber so that the boiler and motor chamber will be subject to the same pressure at all time, an intake check valve in said connection with said reservoir to permit intermittent fluid ow into said pump so that when the fuel in said boiler is suddenly used up, a drop in pressure in said boiler will be accompanied by a drop in pressure in said motor chamber permitting said resilient means to compress said motor chamber and force fluid out of said pump chamber through said outlet checky valve and open passageway into said boiler to recharge said boiler for subsequent operation, where, upon subsequent operation,

said fuel will vaporize and increase the pressure in said boiler and motor chamber and force said pressure responsive surface against said spring, resulting in a decrease of pressure in said pump chamber less than in said reservoir, thereby opening said inlet check valve for fluid flow into said pump chamber.

4. In combination, a pressurized fuel boiler inV termittently connected to a fuel reservoir by a pump device for feeding fuel to said boiler from said reservoir, said pump device comprising pressure orifice means communicating with said boiler, and spring means opposing a pressure responsive surface to operate said pump, said orice means permitting the lforce of said spring means to overcome the force exerted by the pressure in said pump device on said pressure responsive surface when the pressure in said boiler drops below a predetermined amount after the fuel is suddenly expended, thereby fluid will be forced from said pump device into said boiler for recharging said boiler for subsequent operation, said pressure orice means and said spring means cooperating with said pressure responsive surface to provide means for permitting fuel to ow into said pump device from said reservoir when the force due to the pressure in said pump from said boiler overcomes the force exerted by said spring.

5. The combination of claim 1 wherein the valve means for controlling fuel flow through said burner comprises a metering pin, a pressure responsive surface in engagement with said metering pin for controlling the movement thereof, said surface being subject to the vapor pressure from said boiler to open said burner, spring means in opposition to said surface adapted to close said burner when the vapor pressure from said boiler drops below a predetermined value.

WILLY F. KRAUT'IER. WUNIBALD I. E. KAMM. KURT STAIGER.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 533,593 House Feb. 5, 1895 1,722,791 Gillen July 30, 1929 1,780,336 Canton Nov. 4, 1930 2,095,475 Kittler Oct. 12, 1937 2,206,949 Giles July 9, 1940 2,381,594 Holthouse Aug. 7, 1945 2,553,817 Kleen May 22, 1951 

